The CAM Defaults Current Settings Overview

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Introduction

The Current Settings dialog box controls various machine and posting parameters. You define and modify the machines that you use in order to create proper NC programs and simulation. Setting these options to reflect what the machine is capable of is an important part of properly setting up the software. The settings in this dialog box apply to the selected machine and are saved when you click OK. When you click Save As Default, the machine and the current settings are used as the default for each new file that is created (this determines the default machine listed for each job type in the Machining Job dialog box).

 

The Current Settings dialog box parameters change slightly depending on the type of machine that is selected on the first page (Machine Parameters). This topic explains all of the parameters that display for mill, lathe, waterjet, laser, plasma, or mill-turn machines. To learn about the available settings for Wire EDM machines, view the Current Settings Default for Wire EDM topic.

Navigation

To access the Current Settings Default dialog box to set the system defaults (for new files):

 

 

To access the Current Settings Job dialog box and update settings for the current job only:

 

 MillingToolsIconWhite.png Machine Parameters

The Machine Parameters page of the Current Settings is used to select a default machine, modify an existing machine, or to create a new machine. All of these actions are performed using the Machine group as explained next. When you select a machine in the Machine group, all of the parameters contained in the Current Settings dialog box (for all pages) pertain to that machine.

 

Machine

When you select a mill turn machine under Make, the Auto Tool Number By Device check box becomes available. This setting determines how the stations of the machine's tool device are numbered in the Tool Crib. This then determines how the Tool ID and Tool Numbering options you select in the Tool Crib work. (For more information, view Mill Turn Tool Crib Parameters.) Selecting the check box considers each tool device on the machine as its own component (by device). Clearing the check box considers all tool devices on the machine together as though they are one device (globally) as explained next.

 

Add/Modify Machine Dialog Box


NOTE:      The Axes option does not display when a Lathe or Wire EDM machine type is selected.



When finished with the Add/Modify Machine dialog box, click OK. A folder is automatically created in the BobCAD-CAM Data\...\MachSim folder using the Machine Name. This folder is used to store the machine information. This includes an .xml file of the machine definition and any files (.stl or .bmp) that are added in the Machine Definition dialog box that is explained later in this topic.


 

Machine Parameters


TIP:   The Maximum Cutting Feedrate is also used to determine the feedrate for some retract moves as well as adaptive link moves for toolpaths using Adaptive high-speed machining as listed next:


 

After defining the Machine Parameters, click Machine Definition to access the parameters used to create your machine. It is important to set up your machine properly in order to create proper simulation and posted NC programs.

 MachDefIconMillSettings.png Machine Definition

The Machine Definition contains two groups: Machine and Machine Data. The Machine group contains a tree structure that shows all the parts/elements of the machine that are defined, such as the machine housing and axes. When you select an item, the information for that element displays in the Machine Data group. Most of the information can be edited in the dialog box. You can right-click an item in the Machine group to add or delete items. For example, you can right-click a linear Y-axis definition to add a rotational axis.


IMPORTANT:     The Machine Definition is required for all Milling, Laser, Plasma, Waterjet, and Mill Turn machines. The Machine Definition is predefined for Lathe or Wire machines. When you select a Lathe or Wire machine (in the Machine Parameters page), the Machine Definition becomes unavailable (it is visible, but can't be modified).


 

Machine

The shortcut menu that displays when you right-click a Machine group item includes some or all of the following options.

 

 

Machine Data

The machine data group lists the available parameters for the item selected in the Machine group. The information is usually presented in two columns. The column on the left is for display and the column on the right is used to edit the parameters. You can click in the box to make an edit. When you select a Machine Data item you may see a EllipsesButtonMachineDef.png button appear on the right side. For example, in the Machine group, select Head, and in the Machine Data group, click Geometry. On the right side, click EllipsesButtonMachineDef.png. The Open dialog box displays for you to locate and select the proper .stl file which defines the Head geometry. Instead of using the EllipsesButtonMachineDef.png button, you can double-click Geometry to accomplish the same task.

 


Important Notes for Creating Machines


 

If you are defining a mill-turn machine, click Submachine to define all submachines and parameters. Otherwise, after creating the Machine Definition, click Posting to access the posting parameters that are used for the selected machine. It is important to define the posting parameters in order to create proper NC program output.

 

Axis ID Manager (Mill Turn only)

When a mill turn machine is selected, the Axis ID Manager button displays below the Machine Data group of the machine definition. Click the Axis ID Manager button to open the Axis ID Manager dialog box. This dialog box allows you to reorder all axes of the machine to change their ID number/order. The Axis ID Manager is used to map the machine axes to specific blocks in mill turn post processors, so unless you are creating or modifying your post processor, you should not modify the axis ID numbers.

 

View Understanding the Machine Definition.

Submachine (Mill Turn)

The Submachine page of the Current Settings displays when you select a mill-turn machine in the machine parameters. There are two groups in the submachine page: Devices and Parameters. The Devices group displays a tree structure that contains the machine, its devices, and submachines (work zones). The Parameters group is used to edit the parameters of the currently selected tree item.

 

The machine and the devices are automatically populated from the machine definition. The devices are a collection of machine components that work together to hold either the workpiece or tools, thus there are two device types: workpiece devices or tool devices. A workpiece device is a lathe spindle, or chuck, and a tool device may be a turret or a milling spindle. A submachine (work zone) is a combination of one workpiece device and one tool device. The submachine determines which machine devices/components work together to perform machining operations (work zone). You define the submachines based on how many potential device combinations exist on the physical machine.

 

Submachine Tree

Submachines - Device Grouping

Submachine_Tree.png Submachine_Device_Grouping.png

 

Devices

The following is a general description of the Devices tree structure.

 

When defining the submachines, you click an item in the Devices group and then use the Parameters group to edit any available parameters for that item (not all items in the tree can be edited). The submachine items in the tree are the only items that contain a shortcut menu, as described next.

 

To add a submachine:

 

To delete a submachine:


IMPORTANT:     Before creating submachines, it is important to properly define the parameters for all devices that displays under the Devices tree item (level 3 of the tree). These parameters are explained in the following section of this topic.


There are many important settings for the Devices tree items that are only accessed in the Parameters group as explained next.

 

Parameters

When you click a tree item in the Devices tree, the parameters for that item display in the Parameters group. This section explains all of the parameters that can be edited and their descriptions.

 

Devices

The devices are automatically populated using their names from the machine definition. When you click a device in the tree the following parameters become available. (You click in the box next to each parameter to edit its value.) You should properly define all parameters for all devices before adding the submachines.


NOTE:      The child items of any device (such as a rotary or linear axis) are the same as shown in the machine definition, and they display for reference purposes. These items cannot be edited in the parameters group because they are defined in the machine definition.


 

Submachines

After defining the parameters for all machine devices, you can then add the submachines. When you click a submachine item in the tree, the following parameters display in the Parameters group.

 

Submachine Devices

When you select the workpiece device or tool device of a submachine, its parameters display in the Parameters group. These parameters are generated from the machine definition. It is important to properly select the Name parameter for each device of the submachine. This does not change name of the component in the tree, but rather assigns the appropriate device to the component. When you properly define the submachine definition, the name should automatically be set to the appropriate device, but it is important to confirm.

 PostProcessorIcon.png Posting

Post Processor

 

NC File Path

 

Program

 

Absolute/Incremental

 

Sequence Numbers

 

Subprogram Numbers

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to generate repetitive subprograms in the posted NC program, if the post processor is set up to do so.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box when not generating subprograms.

 

The following two options are only available when the Output Subprograms check box is selected.

 

Output Arcs in 4-Axis NC Program


This option is only available when a mill machine is selected in Machine Parameters.


CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to output arcs in the NC program for 4-axis machining.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to output only points and line segments in the NC program for 4-axis machining.

 

Toolpath Output


This option is only available when a lathe machine is selected in Machine Parameters.


 

Output Automatic Comments

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to allow the automatic comments from the post to be output.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to not allow the automatic comments from the post to be output.

 

 

After defining the Posting parameters, click Multiaxis Posting to define the additional posting parameters for your machine.

 MultiAxisPostingIcon.png Multiaxis Posting

Angle Pair

For many 5-axis machines there are two possible solutions to any point in a toolpath. The solution here refers to the angles used for each rotational axis. The following images show a part with the two possible Angle Pair solutions (this is the tool orientation for the toolpath starting point). The tool orientation to the part is the same in each situation; however, the table is rotated 180 degrees. The Angle Pair options control which solution is used. The purpose of the Auto Angle Pair is to use the solution that creates the least amount of tool-axis orientation change from the previous toolpath position. Keep in mind that some machines can't use both pairs based on rotational limits.

 

First Solution

Other Solution

AnglePairSolution1ExMultiXPost.png

AnglePairSolution2ExMultiXPost.png

 

There are two main ways to set the Angle Pair settings: Automatic Angle Pair or Manual Angle Pair. These options are explained next.

 

Automatic Angle Pair

When the Automatic Angle Pair option is selected, the following parameters become available.

 

When selecting this option, the software attempts to use the angle pair that provides the least amount of machine movement (from the start of the toolpath or previous operation). You can select First Solution and allow the software to calculate the angles. If this setting does not provide the desired results, you can change it to Other Solution to use the other possible angle pair values.

 

Instead of using Select Between Two Solutions, you can provide a preferred first or second rotation Angle, and the software selects the solution closest to that value. Positive and Negative values can be used and the solution that is closest to the Provided Rotation Angle is used. For example, if you set the First Rotation Angle to 80 degrees, and the two possible solutions are: C = 90 degrees or C = -90 degrees, the post uses C = 90 degrees.

 

Select this option to make the angle box become available so you to type the preferred rotation angle for the first rotary axis. The software uses the closest possible value to the angle you enter.

 

Select this option to make the angle box become available so you to type the preferred rotation angle for the second rotary axis. The software uses the closest possible value to the angle you enter.

 

There is one more Automatic Angle Pair option that depends on the currently selected Pole Handling option. When you set the Pole Handling option to Force Table Rotation, the following option becomes available under Automatic Angle Pair.

 

This option allows you to select the preferred translation axis that you want to use. The software uses the closest possible solution based on the axis you select. You can select the positive or negative direction for any of the three linear axes: 1st Linear Axis [+], 1st Linear Axis [-], 2nd Linear Axis [+], 2nd Linear Axis [-], 3rd Linear Axis [+], or 3rd Linear Axis [-]. What is important to understand is that these labels correspond to the linear axes defined in the machine definition. Generally, for most machines, the first linear axis is the X-axis, second is the Y-axis, and third is the Z-axis.

 

Manual Angle Pair

The Manual Angle Pair options provide another way for you to set the angle pair used for the machine.

 

After selecting this option, you can select either Solution 1 or Solution 2. If you are unsure which setting to use, leave the default and post the code. If this does not provide the desired solution, change to the other option.

 

Angle Pair (4 Axis Machines)

When a four-axis machine is selected, the Angle Pair settings change to an optimized set that apply to these machine types. These options are explained next.

 

This setting allows the software to automatically calculate the appropriate angle to use for the rotary axis.

 

This setting allows you to type the preferred rotation angle in the angle box. The software uses the closest possible value to the angle you type.

 

This option is unavailable until the Pole Handling setting is Force Table Rotation. This option allows you to select the preferred translation axis that you want to use. The software uses the closest possible solution based on the axis you select. You can select the positive or negative direction for any of the three linear axes: 1st Linear Axis [+], 1st Linear Axis [-], 2nd Linear Axis [+], 2nd Linear Axis [-], 3rd Linear Axis [+], or 3rd Linear Axis [-]. What is important to understand is that these labels correspond to the linear axes defined in the machine definition. Generally, for most machines, the first linear axis is the X-axis, second is the Y-axis, and third is the Z-axis.

 

Machine Limits

The Machine Limits are used to confirm that the machine limits are not exceeded. When a program exceeds the set limits, it does not post. To set the Machine Limits, select a limit group from the Limits box and then type values for the following two parameters.

Pole Handling

When a five axis machine is used to run a 3-axis toolpath, there are certain situations that make the C-axis value arbitrary. What this means is that by changing the X- and Y-axis values appropriately, any C-axis value used creates the same results. For example, when a cylinder is located in the center of the table, depending on the machine, there are multiple ways to cut the profile of the cylinder. The rotation axis can be fixed while the linear axes are used to cut the part. On the other hand, the linear movements can be fixed, while the table is allowed to rotate in order to cut the part. This situation where the C-value is arbitrary, because the spindle direction and the table direction are collinear, is called a singularity or pole. The Pole Handling options are used to control these situations as follows.

View an example

View an example

View an example without Linear Interpolation

View an example with Linear Interpolation

View an example without Smooth Interpolation

View an example with Smooth Interpolation

 

 

Tool Repositioning

In certain scenarios, when machine limits are reached, a retract move is needed. Tool Repositioning affects the retract move.

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to retract the tool to the maximum distance set for the machine.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to type a retract distance in the Tool Retract box.

 

Point Interpolation

 

Feed Move

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to type a maximum distance value for feed moves for the selected interpolation type.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to disable the Max Distance box.

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to type a maximum angle value for feed moves for the selected interpolation type.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to disable the Max Angle box.

 

Rapid Move

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to type a maximum distance value for rapid moves for the selected interpolation type.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to disable the Max Distance box.

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to type a maximum angle value for rapid moves for the selected interpolation type.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to disable the Max Angle box.

 

Retract and Rewind

Some machines have rotational limits that cannot be exceeded. In this situation, the machine must retract the tool and rewind the rotation axis to avoid exceeding the limits. The retract and rewind options determine how the machine handles exceeded rotation limits.

 

Retract and Rewind

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to have the machine perform a retract and rewind move to avoid exceeding rotational limits.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box if you don't want to generate a retract when the machine needs to rewind (this may result in collisions depending on the part and machine).

 

Angle

CheckBoxSelected.png Select the check box to specify an angle step for the retract moves that are used with the Retract and Rewind option. This determines the amount of rotation between possible retract moves. A large value results in less moves and a smaller value may result in more moves.

CheckBoxCleared.png Clear the check box to allow only a single retract position to be utilized for the retract and rewind moves. All retract moves use the same location to move to clearance.

 

Machine Definition Zero

 

Move List Writer

The Move List Writer options control what appears in the posted NC program. These options are used to set machine limits that are not exceeded in the posted NC program. Some machines don't have rotational limits, and some don't except large angle values. You can limit the angle values used.

After Defining Current Settings

When you are finished with all Current Settings, click OK to save all of the settings with the selected machine. After you have defined all of your machines in the Current Settings Default, they are then available for all new CAM Jobs and can be selected per job from the Current Settings Job. To learn more, view the links listed next.

Related Topics

The CAM Overview

The Milling Job Current Settings Dialog Box

The Lathe Job Current Settings Dialog Box

The Wire EDM Job Current Settings Dialog Box

How to Create a Machine